Sunday, February 28, 2010
Low Key Tzeitel Week
Thursday, February 25, 2010
1.3 and 1.6
Tuesday, February 23, 2010
The Dream and Sabbath Prayer
Sunday, February 21, 2010
Miracle Worker
Wednesday, February 17, 2010
Blocking Day 1
Tuesday, February 16, 2010
Tradition part 2.
Monday, February 15, 2010
Production Team Assignments
Thursday, February 11, 2010
TRADITION! (And some vanity mixed in)
Wednesday, February 10, 2010
Snow, Shtetls, and pogroms.
The shtetl operates on a communal spirit where giving to the needy is not only admired, but expected and essential:
The problems of those who need help are accepted as a responsibility both of the community and of the individual. They will be met either by the community acting as a group, or by the community acting through an individual who identifies the collective responsibility as his own... The rewards for benefaction are manifold and are to be reaped both in this life and in the life to come. On earth, the prestige value of good deeds is second only to that of learning. It is chiefly through the benefactions it makes possible that money can "buy" status and esteem.
This approach to good deeds finds its roots in Jewish religious views, summarized in Pirkei Avot by Shimon Hatzaddik's "three pillars":
On three things the world stands. On Torah, On service [of God], And on acts of human kindness.
This does make a lot of sense within the context of FIDDLER. Everyone does seem to help out when they can - grudges exist - but seem to be overlooked and overcome in times of trouble. (Lazar Wolf DOES offer five Sabbath chickens to Tzeitel - after he is rejected for Motel.) Everyone does work to please God - they do what they feel God would want them to do - none of the Jews are malicious or greedy - just hopefully - accepting - and hard working.
I found this excerpt interesting too:
Material things were neither disdained nor extremely praised in the shtetl. Learning and education were the ultimate measures of worth in the eyes of the community, while money was secondary to status. Menial labor was generally looked down upon as prost, or prole. Even the poorer classes in the shtetl tended to work in jobs that required the use of skills, such as shoe-making or tailoring of clothes. The shtetl had a consistent work ethic which valued hard work and frowned upon laziness. Studying, of course, was considered the most valuable and hard work of all. Learned yeshiva men who did not provide bread and relied on their wives for money were not frowned upon but praised as ideal Jews.
Tevye likes to THINK of himself as a very learned man - and I think his family regards him as one. Motel is NOT a learned man - but he does work a job that provides a useful service - tailoring. He is also in "the poorer classes" of the shtetl - so - Tzeitel is - very poor. (It does not say where "Dairy Man" falls in this caste system.)
The Jewish Virtual Library provided me with this useful bit of information:
The Home
The home of the individual was the basic unit in the culture and life style of the shtetl; it was founded on a patriarchal and closely knit structure on traditional lines. His home was the place where the shtetl Jew enjoyed his Yidishkeyt in the serenity and peace of Sabbath, in the rituals of the Passover seder, or in the dignity and holiness of the High Holidays. It was where he derived the nakhes – the proud pleasure – from the achievement of his children, the son, or the son-in-law. There he fed the stranger on Friday, and provided meals to the poor student in the yeshivah. However the home was also part of the community, and hardly any important activity at home was separable from the synagogue or the total community. Birth and death, bar mitzvahs and weddings, illness and recovery, were family events which tied the home to the synagogue, and by extension to the community. No family event was a private event, for life in the shtetl was life with people, and therefore part of the total community life. Family joys, as well as family sorrows, were shared by the community, which had the right and duty to express its approval or disapproval about the conduct and behavior of the family as a whole or of each of its members. Thus community control over the life of its individual members became one of the major regulating forces in the shtetl society, which succeeded in surviving for centuries without a police force to maintain its internal law and order.
I was always just thought that the characters in FIDDLER were stereoptyped caricatures of gossipy Jews always up in everyone's business. Knowing that everyone's "Private" business was actually the business of the synagogue gives it a whole new meaning. It also makes it all the more important to lead an honorable philanthropic life - abiding by all the laws that would make one a "good Jew." No secrets here. I don't think this created a sense a paranoia or annoyance - but more of compassion - and drive towards living by the Talmud.
In my research I learned that women were very often both the man AND woman of the household. Since learning was so revered - men would often go study, while women earned money AND did the household chores. They were also pregnant for most of their childbearing years - so - it was no easy task being a woman! Additionally, apparently men could file for a divorce for any reason at any time - and the woman would be powerless. Usually the crime was "rebelliousness" or inability to bear children.
Regarding education - women of Tzeitel's generation would have been education enough to read Tiddish. Apparently there were special schools throughout the Russian empire where they could go and the wealthiest would even learn foreign languages. These are mentioned in "TEVYE THE DAIRYMAN." Tevye mentions that these school exist but he is too poor to send any of this girls there. However, he does the best he can and tries to get tutors to come to the house - tutors such as Perchik.
The virtual Jewish Library also mentions this:
"Seductive secularization" gradually led to ruptures within traditional society well into the first three decades of the 20th century. The most extreme form of rejection was conversion to Christianity and marriage with Christian partners; not surprisingly, women constituted a disproportionate number of Jewish converts in the late 19th century. Another venue of rebellion was to join a revolutionary movement. Women participated actively in the Bund, various branches of the Zionist movement, as well as general Russian and Polish socialist groups.
This would relate to Chava and inform how we all react to her running off. In the book - Chava DOES indeed convert to Christianity. It is not mentioned in the play. I wonder what we will decide - and how we will treat the issue. My modern day mind says Tzeitel would be ok with it - but perhaps that observation is anachronistic.
Well that's enough Russian Jewish history for now. Hope you learned something.